What fruit and ornamental trees to choose for your site?
After receiving land for a cottage or summer cottage, the owners have a problem: what trees to plant on the site? This question is the second most important issue after capital buildings. An unsuccessful bed or flower bed can be redone the next year, and tree crops develop for a long time, you may notice your mistake when the apple tree has already reached a large size and bears fruit. Take your time to the nursery, first of all open the plan of the territory and mark the planting sites on it. When you are sure that everything is done correctly, you can purchase planting material.
What breeds to choose
Of course, any summer resident wants to have all kinds of plants on the site that only exist in the world. We'll have to limit ourselves.
The list of desired crops will be significantly reduced by the following conditions:
- climate;
- plot size;
- relief features;
- the soil;
- the ability to provide complex care.
The successes of breeders make it possible to grow exotic plants in the middle lane, but their possibilities are not limitless. Palm trees in the open air in the Arctic will not grow, no matter how hard you try. First of all, pay attention to the species that have always grown in your area. If you want exotic novelties, contact your local nursery, experts will give you advice on which varieties can survive in your conditions. However, keep in mind that rare breeds require careful maintenance. Do you have enough energy and time to properly grow a capricious tree?
Features of the soil and relief also make their own adjustments. Not every tree can survive in a swamp, on a rocky rock covered with a thin layer of rocky soil, or on the steep northern slopes. Groundwater is very cunning. The seedling will take root perfectly, it will grow for several years, but it will die as soon as the roots grow to a wet layer. You can arrange good drainages, dig huge pits in rocky ground and fill them with fertile soil - the tree will still feel bad. Consider whether this effort is worth a bucket of fruit, maybe it would be right to plant other species, and buy a bucket of peaches on the market.
How many trees will fit on the site
Any site is not limitless and can accommodate a certain number of trees and tall shrubs. If you plant fruit crops too close to each other to save space, they will grow depressed, they will often get sick and give a poor harvest. Remember that trees must be planted at a distance of at least 5 m from one another, and there must be at least 3 m between tall shrubs.
In small areas, it will be correct to give preference to the columnar shape. The crown of these trees looks like a neat column, takes up little space and facilitates maintenance. Trees on dwarf rootstocks are very convenient. When harvesting from low plantations, you do not have to pretend to be a stuntman trying to reach an apple hanging at a ten-meter height.
When calculating the number of trees of one species, it should be taken into account that some species, such as cherries and cherries, grow only in groups. If you are not very fond of these berries, do not plant one cherry tree on the site, it is better to completely abandon such plants. Some breeds, such as walnuts, do not tolerate the proximity of other species and will oppress the apple and peaches planted around it.
Landing around the perimeter of the cottage
When planting tall crops near the border of the site, you enter into legislative relations with your neighbors.A beautiful young linden tree in a few years will grow up to 30 m, develop a lush crown and shade half of the foreign territory. If you want to have tall trees, plant them on the south side of the recreation and picnic area, where they will create a pleasant coolness in the summer heat.
For hedges, dwarf trees or shrubs up to 2 m in height are suitable. When planting tall species, choose ones that tolerate cutting well, and you can always shorten them in accordance with the norms.
A good fence will come from the following shrubs:
The side facing a busy road can be fenced off with tall trees. The lush crown protects the site from noise, dust and exhaust fumes. It is not recommended to plant fruit crops or plants in this place, whose leaves and flowers you are going to use for medicinal purposes.
Orchard
Even in the smallest area, fruit trees are sure to grow. When laying a garden, an inexperienced summer resident may choose the wrong breed. As a result, the main area will be occupied by crops, the fruits of which you do not particularly need, and there will be little space for the most important fruits. Before buying seedlings, think, do you need 20 cherries? In a few years they will give such a harvest that it will be enough for an entire microdistrict. If you want to grow berries for commercial purposes, do so, but for one family you don't need so many fruits.
You have already determined how many fruit trees and shrubs will fit on the site... Now make a list of the breeds you want to plant. In the first line, mark the most reliable and necessary, for example apple tree... The next item will go to cultures of lesser importance, and the list of plantings that can be dispensed with will be closed. Also, last but not least, take trees that are poorly adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of your site. Start purchasing from the top line and work your way down. In this way, you will create the right garden, which is guaranteed to provide you with the most needed fruits.
Advice
If there is not enough space in the garden, and you want to grow different types of apples or plums, use grafting. On one tree, you will have branches with fruits of different varieties.
When space permits, you can experiment, try to grow exotic fruit trees. If you choose the right varieties and skillfully take care of the plantings, peaches will grow in the northern regions, and bananas and mangoes in the south. Only if you plant a site with rare crops alone, you risk being left without a crop at all.
In any garden, it is desirable to have several varieties of the following crops:
- apple trees;
- pears;
- plums;
- cherries;
- rowan;
- sea buckthorn.
Decorative planting
In the country, you can plant not only fruit trees, but also decorative species. A birch tree at the gate, a mountain ash under the window, a cypress alley will give the site individuality, create a good mood. If space permits, you can arrange a small forest with a barbecue, a picnic fire. Strawberries will grow in an open meadow, in the shade - wild garlic... If you want to plant mushrooms, keep in mind that each species loves its own tree. Butterlets and mushrooms grow well under Christmas trees, boletus and boletus mushrooms - in deciduous forests.
When planting trees on the site, one should not forget about the safety of the owners and guests. You should not grow poisonous plants. Breeds with fragile wood should be located away from houses and paths: in a strong wind, a large branch can break off and fall on a person or knock out a window. When planting trees near buildings, it must be borne in mind that plants with strong roots destroy the foundation over time.
If you believe in horoscopes and folk signs, you can design the site in accordance with magical recommendations. Sometimes these tips contradict each other. There is only one way out: trust your intuition.Hold a seedling in your hands, imagine it as an adult tree in your area and think about how you feel at the same time. It is believed that willow and willow have no place in the garden, they symbolize suffering and death. But if in your dreams a pond surrounded by these thickets is associated with happiness, romantic feelings, peace - create such a corner, plants will not bring you anything bad.
To decorate the landscape, you can dig up trees or shrubs growing in the nearby forest, or purchase specially bred decorative species. From ordinary spruce, breeders have created many varieties with a wide variety of needle colors.
To create a design, you can use:
How to plant trees correctly
The best time to plant ornamental and stone fruit trees is early spring. It is advisable that the seedlings have not yet begun to release leaves. Pome crops - apple, pear - should be planted correctly in the fall. The seedling age is 1-2 years. Young trees tolerate transplanting more easily, take root quickly. It is advisable not to prescribe trees from remote regions, but to acquire them in a local nursery, then you will be sure that this species can live in your climate.
You brought the seedlings, now you need to mark the holes. Try to place plantings so that the tallest trees are on the north side of the garden, and the dwarf ones on the south, then there will be enough sun for everyone.
Each breed has its own subtleties of planting, but there are general rules.
- The size of the hole should be such that the roots fit freely.
- At the bottom, you need to pour sand or gravel for drainage.
- When filling, first of all, the upper fertile soil layer is thrown onto the roots.
- The graft site should be a few centimeters above ground level.
- The planted tree must be tied to a firmly fixed peg so that the wind does not swing it.
After planting, be attentive to the young tree. Shade it before rooting and keep the soil moist. It will be correct to add a hydrogel to the soil when planting, it regulates soil moisture both in drought and during prolonged rains. Be sure to mulch the trunk circle, then loosening and weeding is not required, and you will not disturb the finely spaced roots.
Output
At the summer cottage, first of all, you need to plant trees that grow and bear fruit well in your conditions. If there is not enough space for ornamental crops, you can make an apple or cherry alley, surround a recreation area with fruit crops. It is better to plant exotic crops if there is free space and time for difficult maintenance.
When landing, you need to consider crop compatibility... Some varieties do not set fruit at all if there is no tree of the same type nearby. Cherries and cherries alone will give a meager harvest. If you are afraid that you yourself will not be able to cope with this work, contact the specialists. A qualified team will properly green the area, you just have to take care of the plants and harvest.
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